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2026-09-27T04:32:15Z

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New page

--[[
__ __ _ _ _ ____ _ _ _
| \/ | ___ __| |_ _| | ___ _| | __ _ _ __ __ _/ ___|_ _(_) |_ ___| |__
| |\/| |/ _ \ / _` | | | | |/ _ (_) | / _` | '_ \ / _` \___ \ \ /\ / / | __/ __| '_ \
| | | | (_) | (_| | |_| | | __/_| |__| (_| | | | | (_| |___) \ V V /| | || (__| | | |
|_| |_|\___/ \__,_|\__,_|_|\___(_)_____\__,_|_| |_|\__, |____/ \_/\_/ |_|\__\___|_| |_|
|___/
Authors and maintainers:
* User:Zolo - original version in Module:Fallback
* User:Jarekt - perfomance improvement to avoid loading fallbacks when not needed
* User:Verdy_p - performance improvements, fix for 'default=*'
]]

-- add optional module
-- used for debugging purposes as it detects cases of unintended global variables
require('strict')

local p = {}
local insert = table.insert
local concat = table.concat
local gmatch = string.gmatch
local getFallbacksFor = mw.language.getFallbacksFor
local getCurrentFrame = mw.getCurrentFrame
local isValidCode = mw.language.isValidCode

local createTag -- lazy loading of the module: only for the files that need it

--[[
Add invisible but machine readable labels to the files, which can be used to add titles to wikidata items
]]
local function add_labels(args)
if not createTag then
createTag = require('Module:TagQS').createTag -- lazy loading of the module: only for the files that need it
end
-- Add text of invisible tag brodcasted by the template which allows creation of QuickStatements command used to add this info to Wikidata
local qsTable = {}
for key, text in pairs(args) do
if type(key) == 'string' and key ~= 'add_labels' then
for code in gmatch(key:lower(), '([%-0-9a-z]+)') do
if isValidCode(code) then -- code has to be a valid language
insert(qsTable, createTag('label', 'L' .. code, '"' .. text .. '"'))
end
end
end
end
return concat(qsTable)
end

--[[
_langSwitch

This function is the core part of the LangSwitch template.

Example usage from Lua:
text = _langSwitch({en='text in english', pl='tekst po polsku'}, lang)

Parameters:
args - table with translations by language
lang - desired language (often user's native language)

Error Handling:
]]
function p._langSwitch(args, lang, quick, nocat) -- args: table of translations only
assert(lang, 'LangSwitch Error: no lang')
-- Return error if there is not 'default' and no 'en' version
if not args.default and not args.en then
local err = '<b class="error">LangSwitch Error: no default</b>'
if nocat then
return err
else
return err .. '[[Category:LangSwitch template without default version]]'
end
end
-- To improve performance try quick switch, and load fallback chain only if needed.
-- In the vast majority of cases quick switch (not using any fallbacks) is sufficient.
local value = args[lang]
if value or quick then
return value == '~' and '' or value
end
-- Get the list of acceptable languages (lang + those in lang's fallback chain) and check their content.
local langList = getFallbacksFor(lang)
-- table.insert(langList, 1, lang) -- not needed (already checked in the quick test above)
for _, language in ipairs(langList) do
if language ~= 'en' or lang:sub(1, 3) == 'en-' then
value = args[language]
if value then
return value == '~' and '' or value
end
end
end
value = args.default and args.default or args.en
return value == '~' and '' or value
end

--[[
langSwitch

This function is the core part of the LangSwitch template.

Example Usage from a template:
{{#invoke:fallback|langSwitch|en=text in english|pl=tekst po polsku|lang={{int:lang}} }}

Parameters:
frame.args - table with translations by language
frame.args.lang - desired language (often user's native language)
frame.args.quick - if non-empty, disable the lookup for fallbacks
frame.args.nocat - if non-empty, disable the tracking categorization if there's no 'default' or 'en' version

Error Handling:
]]
function p.langSwitch(frame) -- version to be used from wikitext
local args = frame.args
-- If no expected args provided, then check parent template/module args.
if not(args.lang or args.en or args.default or args.quick or args.nocat) then
args = getCurrentFrame():getParent().args
end
local lang = args.lang
if not lang or lang == '' or not isValidCode(lang) then
lang = frame:callParserFunction('Int', 'Lang') -- get user's chosen language
end
lang = lang:lower()
-- add text of invisible tag brodcasted by the template which allows creation of QuickStatements command used to add this info to Wikidata
local labels = ''
if args.add_labels then
labels = add_labels(args)
end
-- Fast lookup for most frequent simple cases (direct match, without composite keys or fallbacks)
local value = args[lang]
if value and value ~= '' then
return value ~= '~' and value or ''
end
-- Allow input in format: {{LangSwitch|de=Grün|es/it/pt=Verde|fr=Vert|en=Green |lang=en}}
-- with multiple languages mapping to a single value.
-- We need a new table as we cannot change the args table from the caller's or parent's frame.
local args1, nocat, quick = {}, args.nocat and args.nocat ~= '', args.quick and args.quick ~= ''
for key, value in pairs(args) do
if value ~= '' and type(key) == 'string'
and not(key == 'lang' or key == 'quick' or key == 'nocat') then
for code in gmatch(key:lower(), '([%-0-9a-z]+)') do
args1[code] = value
end
end
end
return p._langSwitch(args1, lang, quick, nocat)
end

return p

Module:LangSwitch/sandbox - Revision history